Indirect Sinus Lift

Implant placement in the posterior maxilla presents significant challenges due to reduced bone height resulting from tooth loss, sinus expansion, or bone resorption. The natural process of bone loss in this region is accelerated by the lack of vascularization and muscle stimulation, which compromises bone quality. Additionally, the maxillary sinus often extends downward, further reducing the available bone height necessary for secure implant placement. Historically, implants in the posterior maxilla were placed without addressing the sinus topography, often resulting in prosthetic issues due to excessive flexibility and stress. This led to potential implant failures and uncertainty regarding the long-term success of sub-periosteal implants. To overcome these issues, the sinus lift technique, introduced by Tatum Jr. and documented by Boyne, has become a vital procedure for augmenting the sinus floor to facilitate implant placement. There are two primary methods for sinus floor elevation: the one-stage (transalveolar) approach and the two-stage (lateral window) approach.